近代體育

　　中國的近代體育，是指1840年鴉片戰(zhàn)爭到1949年中華人民共和國成立前這一歷史時期的體育。它雖然只有一百多年的歷 史，但卻是一個起著承上啟下作用的重要階段。

　　鴉片戰(zhàn)爭改變了中國社會的性質(zhì)，使中國從一個封建社會，逐步變成半殖民地半封建的社會。中國近代體育，在劇烈社會變革的特定歷史環(huán)境下，不能不帶有時代的痕跡。它經(jīng)歷了艱難曲折的歷程，凝聚著中華民族的滄桑、悲壯和奮起。

　　這一時期，中華民族在繼承和發(fā)揚傳統(tǒng)體育的同時，隨著西方文化的傳入，也接受了西方體育。這兩種體育在相互影響和并存中，共同發(fā)展，并形成了中國體育的新特色。

　　學(xué)校體育是近代中國體育的基礎(chǔ)，培養(yǎng)了一批專業(yè)體育工作者，為發(fā)展體育事業(yè)起著積極的推動作用。各省、大區(qū)和全國性運動會相繼開展。體育機構(gòu)和組織相應(yīng)建立。中國運動員開始參加國際比賽。

　　在中國共產(chǎn)黨的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)下的革命根據(jù)地和解放區(qū)，體育受到高度重視，譜寫了紅色體育的光輝篇章。

Modern Period (1840-1949)

Though covering a little more than a century, the Modern Period from 1840 when the Opium War began to 1949 when the People’s Republic of China was founded, was an important intermediate phase as far as the Chinese history of sport is concerned.

The Opium War turned China from a feudal society into a semi-feudal and semi-colonial society, in which sport came under the unavoidable influence of violent social upheavals and followed a tortuous path linked closely to the precarious national destiny.

It was during this period that the traditional Chinese sports inherited from the past coexisted and developed side by side with modern sports introduced into China as part of the Western culture, forming a new genre with salient Chinese features.

Within the framework of school physical education, a large personnel was trained during this period for the promotion of sport in China. Sports meets were held at national and local levels. Sports organizations were founded. Chinese athletes were sent abroad to take part in international competitions.

In the Communits-led revolutionary bases and liberated areas, great attention was paid to the cause of sport, adding an illustrious chapter to the annals of this particular realm of culture.